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ruby - 这段 Ruby 代码的作用是什么? : def self. 元类;类<< self ;自己;结尾;结尾

In lại 作者:数据小太阳 更新时间:2023-10-29 07:14:38 28 4
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以下是来自 Why's Poignant Guide to Ruby Chapter 6 的 Ruby 代码片段,他试图在 Ruby 中演示元编程:

# Get a metaclass for this class
def self.metaclass; class << self; self; end; end

我对 Ruby 不是很熟悉,但是扩展后的形式会是这样吗?

def self.metaclass
def self.self
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至少我是这么理解的。但是,它仍然不完全理解这段代码的作用。 它的目的是什么?

进一步在代码中,为什么添加这个:

arr.each do |a|
metaclass.instance_eval do
define_method( a ) do |val|
@traits ||= {}
@traits[a] = val
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如果我没理解错的话,这段代码给@traits添加了一个新的值给定的名称和值。 对吗?

感谢大家的帮助,下面是给我带来麻烦的完整源码,希望大家看看:

# The guts of life force within Dwemthy's Array
class Creature

# Get a metaclass for this class
def self.metaclass; class << self; self; end; end

# Advanced metaprogramming code for nice, clean traits
def self.traits( *arr )
return @traits if arr.empty?

# 1. Set up accessors for each variable
attr_accessor *arr

# 2. Add a new class method to for each trait.
arr.each do |a|
metaclass.instance_eval do
define_method( a ) do |val|
@traits ||= {}
@traits[a] = val
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# 3. For each monster, the `initialize' method
# should use the default number for each trait.
class_eval do
define_method( :initialize ) do
self.class.traits.each do |k,v|
instance_variable_set("@#{k}", v)
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# Creature attributes are read-only
traits :life, :strength, :charisma, :weapon
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在使用中:

class Dragon < Creature
life( 1340 ) # tough scales
strength( 451 ) # bristling veins
charisma( 1020 ) # toothy smile
weapon( 939 ) # fire breath
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câu trả lời hay nhất

class Foo
def self.bar # Create a method invoked by Foo.bar instead of Foo.new.bar
42 # the return value of this method (value of last expression)
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class Foo
def self.jim # Another method on the class itself
class << self # Change the 'self' to be the metaclass of the current object
self # Evaluate the current 'self' as the 'return value' of
end # class<
end # the method, its value is the return value for the method
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简而言之:您所看到的在 Creature 类本身(不是实例)上定义了一个名为 metaclass 的方法。当您运行此方法时,它会找到 Creature 的元类并返回它。

Read around the 'net对象的“元类”是什么。

关于ruby - 这段 Ruby 代码的作用是什么? : def self. 元类;类<< self ;自己;结尾;结尾,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10099157/

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